8/24/2023 0 Comments Swing in javaIt provides the high-level abstraction for Java program since it hides underlying GUI details. Overview of AWT: AWT is used for supporting user interface in Java Application. Notice that the components stay in their positions, even when you resize the window.Web development, programming languages, Software testing & others This code uses a BorderLayout layout manager, and adds each component to a different section of the JPanel. The JFrame class is Swing’s representation of a window, and it works like this: The first step to creating a GUI is displaying a window, so you can interact with that instead of the command prompt. But like I said above, even if your end goal isn’t creating a desktop application in Java, it’s still a good idea to learn this stuff since it teaches you other stuff you need to know anyway. Think of opening up the Spotify application, not going to Spotify’s website. One more thing worth noting: the above libraries, including Swing, are for creating a desktop application, which is a program that runs on your computer, not in a webpage. So even if your end goal with programming isn’t Swing, it’s a good idea to spend some time here because it’ll help you learn other stuff you need to be learning. I think Swing is a great way to become more comfortable with OOP, inheritance, and general program flow. If you’re wondering how to do something in Swing, chances are somebody has asked your question on Stack Overflow. The benefit of Swing being around longer is that there are a ton of resources for learning more about it. jar file that comes with Java.Įven though JavaFX is newer, I’m focusing on Swing for a couple reasons: JavaFX classes are in the javafx package, which is in a. JavaFX focuses on modern GUI features, like more animations, CSS styling, and using a computer’s graphics card to handle the rendering. JavaFX was originally developed as an external library in 2008, and it was included in Java in 2014. But Swing was built on top of AWT, so you’ll see Swing code using classes from the java.awt package as well. The Swing classes are in the javax.swing package. That way, the checkbox will look the same on different operating systems. The idea behind Swing is that instead of telling your computer to create a checkbox, Swing draws the checkbox itself. To fix this, Swing was added to Java in 1998. This can make it harder to layout your program or have a consistent experience across different platforms. The downside of that approach is that your program will look different on different computers: a checkbox on Linux looks different from a checkbox on Windows. All of the AWT classes are in the java.awt package. So if you create a checkbox in AWT, you’re really telling your operating system to create a checkbox. AWT works by passing in “native” calls to your computer. The Abstract Window Toolkit, or AWT, has been a part of Java since day one, way back in 1996. Trying to understand how all of these classes fit together can be confusing, so here’s a brief summary of how they work: Java contains three different GUI libraries, which are each just a bunch of classes in the Java API that you can use. Note: Swing is not an acronym! (Neither is Java, for that matter.) A Brief History Java contains a bunch of classes that help you create GUIs, and this tutorial focuses on a set of classes that make up a library called Swing. GUIs are the types of programs you’re probably more accustomed to using: the types of programs that have windows and buttons and text fields instead of only using the command prompt. So far, all of our Java programs have been command line programs, which we interacted with through the command prompt, if we interacted with the program at all.Ĭommand line programs are fine for simple tasks or for programs that don’t really interact with the user, but if you want to interact with the user, then you probably want to create a graphical user interface, or GUI (pronounced “gee-you-eye” or “gooey”).
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